SS-31

SS‑31 Peptide — Research Overview. SS‑31 (also known as MTP‑131 or Szeto‑Schiller‑31) is a synthetic tetrapeptide designed to target the inner mitochondrial membrane. It binds to cardiolipin, helping support mitochondrial stability, reduce oxidative stress, and improve ATP production. SS‑31 is widely studied for its potential roles in energy metabolism, cellular protection, and age‑related mitochondrial decline.

Molecular Makeup

• Peptide Type: Tetrapeptide
• Sequence: D‑Arg‑dimethylTyr‑Lys‑Phe‑NH₂
• Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₄₉N₉O₅
• Molecular Weight: 639.8 g/mol
• Other Names: MTP‑131, Szeto‑Schiller‑31

Key Research Benefits (Plain Language)

1. Mitochondrial Support

• Helps improve ATP production
• Supports healthier electron transport
• May enhance overall mitochondrial efficiency

2. Oxidative‑Stress Reduction

• Helps lower reactive oxygen species (ROS)
• Supports antioxidant activity such as SOD function
• May protect cells from oxidative damage

3. Neuroprotection

• May help protect neurons from stress and injury
• Supports mitochondrial stability in brain cells
• Studied for reducing apoptosis and DNA damage

4. Muscle & Aging Research

• May improve muscle energy and reduce fatigue
• Studied for supporting muscle mass and redox balance
• May help counteract age‑related mitochondrial decline

5. Metabolic Insights

• May help regulate oxidative and ER stress in metabolic models
• Supports healthier autophagy balance
• Studied for effects on glucose and redox pathways

6. Kidney Function Support

• May help protect mitochondrial structure during ischemic stress
• Supports ATP recovery and cellular resilience
• Studied for reducing apoptosis in renal tissue

7. Tissue & Cellular Recovery

• May help preserve muscle metabolism in wasting conditions
• Supports healthier mitochondrial turnover
• Studied for improving cellular resilience in degenerative tissues